Nd:YVO4 Neodymium Doped Yttrium Orthovanadate Laser Crystals
Nd:YVO4 (Neodymium Doped Yttrium Orthovanadate) crystals is one of the most promising commercially available diode pumped solid state laser materials, especially, for low to middle power density. This is mainly for its higher absorption and emission features than Nd:YAG crystal. Pumped by laser diodes, Nd:YVO4 crystal has been incorporated with high NLO coefficient crystals ( LBO, BBO, or KTP) to frequency-shift the output from the near infrared to green, blue, or even UV. This incorporation to construct all solid state lasers is an ideal laser tool that can cover the most widespread applications of lasers, including machining, material processing, spectroscopy, wafer inspection, light displays, medical diagnostics, laser printing, and data storage, etc. It has been shown that Nd:YVO4 based diode pumped solid state lasers are rapidly occupying the markets traditionally dominated by water-cooled ion lasers and lamp-pumped lasers, especially when compact design and single-longitudinal-mode outputs are required.
Technical parameters of Nd:YVO4
Doping | 0.07%~3% |
Doping concentration tolerance | ±0.05%(atm%<1%),±0.1%(atm%≥1%) |
Orientation | A-cut/C-cut +/-0.5deg. |
Dimension Tolerance | ±0.1mm |
Flatness | λ/10 @ 632.8nm |
Wavefront distortion | λ/6@ 632.8nm |
Surface Quality | 10/5 per MIL-O-13830B |
Parallelism | 10″ |
Perpendicularity | 10′ |
Bevel/Chamfer | <0.1mm@45deg. |
Chips | <0.1mm |
Clear Aperture | >95% |
Coating | AR/HR/PR (IAD, EB, IBS) coating upon customer’s request |
Damage Threshold | 750MW/CM2 at 1064nm, TEM00, 10ns, 10Hz |
Quality Warranty Period | One year under proper use |
Optical properties of Nd:YVO4
Lasing wavelength: | 1064nm,1342nm,914nm |
Thermal optical coefficient (300K): | dno/dT=8.5×10-6/K |
dne/dT=2.9×10-6/K | |
Stimulated emission cross-section: | 25×10-19cm2 @ 1064nm |
Fluorescent lifetime: | 90μs(1% Nd doping) |
Absorption coefficient: | 31.4cm-1 @810nm |
Intrinsic loss: | 0.02cm-1 @1064nm |
Gain bandwidth: | 0.96nm@1064nm |
Polarized laser emission: | π polarization; parallel to optic axis(c-axis) |
Diode pumped optical to optical efficiency: | ≥50% |
Sellemeier equations (λ in um) | n02=3.77834+0.069736/(λ2-0.04724)-0.010813λ2 |
ne2=4.59905+0.110534/(λ2-0.04813)-0.012676λ2 |
Physical properties of Nd:YVO4
Atomic Density: | 1.26x1020 atoms/cm3 (Nd1.0%) |
Crystal Structure: | Zircon Tetragonal, space group D4h-I4/amd |
a=b=7.1193A,c=6.2892A | |
Density; | 4.22g/cm3 |
Mohs Hardness: | 4-5(Glass-like) |
Thermal Expansion Coefficient(300K): | αa=4.43x10-6/K |
αc=11.37x10-6/K | |
Thermal Conductivity Coefficient(300K): | //C:0.0523W/cm/K |
⊥C:0.0510W/cm/K |
